Other contributing factors

• Elevated CO2

• High sodium diet

• Exercise programs- high load resistive

• Radiation

• These and other factors may contribute, but are not the main causative factors. Removing them will not eliminate SOS and will worsen other issues such as hypovolemia on return to 1-G or other gravitational systems, and bone loss

• Lower body negative pressure; Braslet-M device

Notes:

There are other factors that may increase or decrease some of the findings of SOS, but these are secondary issues, not the primary cause. Some are currently felt to be primary potential causes in other studies, but SOS is the true primary issue.

Reducing some of these may decrease some of the symptoms, but will not eliminate them. Also, if reduction of sodium or reduction of high-load resistive exercise is done, it may worsen the problems that these strategies are being used to reduce.

LBNP or the Braslet-M can decrease some of the initial sudden head congestion upon initial insertion into microgravity, but there is no evidence they eliminate SOS.